The word recipe comes from the Latin term “recipere,” which means “to receive” or “to take.” In its earliest uses, it referred to instructions or prescriptions for medical preparations. Medieval doctors would use the term to describe how to prepare remedies, often starting with the abbreviation “Rx,” derived from the word recipere.
Over time, the word expanded to include instructions for preparing food and drinks. By the 14th century, “recipe” was being used in English for culinary instructions, though it wasn’t until later centuries that it became the standard term for cooking.
Recipes provide the steps and ingredients needed to “take” and combine things in a specific way to create something new—whether it’s a dish, dessert, or drink!
The transition of the word recipe from medicine to cooking reflects the intertwined history of health and food. In medieval times, food preparation was closely linked to medicinal practices. Ingredients were often chosen not only for their flavour but also for their perceived health benefits. This dual purpose meant that early recipes often read more like medicinal prescriptions, detailing precise quantities, preparation methods, and the intended effects on the body.
The modern sense of the word became more common in the 17th and 18th centuries as cookbooks began to gain popularity among the wealthy and middle classes. These books documented culinary traditions, helping to preserve regional dishes and pass down techniques. Over time, the term “recipe” became synonymous with cooking instructions, evolving into what we know today—a step-by-step guide to creating meals.
The essence of a recipe remains the same: it’s a shared formula, designed to replicate a result and ensure consistency.
